The Psoas and Back Pain
As a chiropractor, I often see patients struggling with persistent lower back pain, unaware that the root cause may not be the spine itself, but a deep and often-overlooked muscle: the psoas. The psoas muscle plays a vital role in movement, posture, and spinal stability. When tight, weak, or imbalanced, it can contribute to significant discomfort and dysfunction in the lower back. In this blog, we’ll explore the anatomy of the psoas, its role in movement and stability, its connection to back pain, and how to address psoas-related issues effectively.
Anatomy and Function of the Psoas Muscle
The psoas major is a long, deep muscle that originates from the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur. It works in conjunction with the iliacus muscle, forming the iliopsoas, which is the primary hip flexor.
The psoas muscle is responsible for:
- Hip Flexion – Essential for walking, running, and climbing stairs.
- Spinal Stabilization – Supports the lumbar spine and maintains posture.
- Core Engagement – Works with abdominal and back muscles to provide stability during movement.
Psoas Muscle and Lower Back Pain
An imbalanced or dysfunctional psoas can lead to a variety of musculoskeletal issues, particularly in the lower back. Here’s how:
- Tight Psoas: A shortened psoas can pull on the lumbar spine, increasing the natural curve (lordosis) and placing excessive pressure on the lower back, leading to pain and discomfort.
- Weak Psoas: A weakened psoas can cause instability in the pelvis and spine, leading to compensatory patterns that strain the lower back muscles.
- Asymmetry: If one side of the psoas is tighter or weaker than the other, it can cause pelvic misalignment, further exacerbating spinal stress.
Prevalence and Statistics
Lower back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints worldwide. In the UK, an estimated 80% of adults will experience back pain at some point in their lives, with 30% suffering from chronic or recurring symptoms. Many of these cases are linked to muscular dysfunction, including psoas-related imbalances.
How to Address Psoas-Related Lower Back Pain
If you suspect your psoas muscle is contributing to your back pain, here are some effective strategies:
Stretching the Psoas
- Lunge Stretch: Step one foot forward into a lunge position, keeping the back leg straight and sinking into the stretch. Hold for 20–30 seconds.
- Supine Psoas Stretch: Lying on your back, pull one knee to your chest while keeping the other leg extended on the floor.
Strengthening Exercises
- Leg Raises: Lying on your back, lift one leg at a time while keeping the core engaged.
- Seated Knee Lifts: Sit upright and slowly lift one knee toward the chest without rounding your back.
Myofascial Release
- Use a foam roller or massage ball to gently release tension in the psoas region.
- Consider professional deep tissue massage or chiropractic adjustments to address muscular imbalances.
Postural Awareness
- Avoid prolonged sitting, which can shorten and tighten the psoas.
- Maintain an ergonomic workspace setup to promote a neutral spine position.
5. Chiropractic Care and Physical Therapy
- A chiropractor can assess and correct spinal alignment, helping to alleviate stress on the psoas.
- Physical therapy can provide targeted exercises to restore balance and function.
Conclusion
The psoas muscle is a critical component of lower back health. Whether it is too tight, too weak, or imbalanced, it can contribute significantly to lower back pain. By incorporating targeted stretches, strengthening exercises, and professional care, you can support your psoas muscle and reduce discomfort in your lower back. If you are experiencing persistent pain, consulting with a chiropractor or healthcare professional can help identify the underlying cause and develop a tailored treatment plan.
Taking care of your psoas means taking care of your back—so start incorporating these strategies today for better movement, stability, and pain relief!